It's more common in young adults. It then becomes less common until middle age when it becomes more common again. There's a second peak in older age. Read about these and other risk factors.
How to get the most out of seeing your GP, when you should see a specialist and what tests you might have. There are different types of Hodgkin lymphoma. Knowing the type helps your doctor to decide what treatment you need. The stage shows whether the lymphoma is in one area of your body localised or has spread to other areas. There are 4 stages for Hodgkin lymphoma. About Cancer generously supported by Dangoor Education since Questions about cancer?
Call freephone 9 to 5 Monday to Friday or email us. Skip to main content. Home About cancer Hodgkin lymphoma What is Hodgkin lymphoma? When staging Hodgkin lymphoma, doctors evaluate the following: The number of cancerous lymph node areas. Lymphoma stage groupings The stage of Hodgkin lymphoma describes the extent of the spread of the tumor, using the terms "stage I" to "stage IV" 1 through 4.
Stage II: Any of the following conditions applies: Stage II: The lymphoma is in 2 or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. Prognostic factors In addition to stage, doctors use other prognostic factors to help plan the best treatment and predict how well this treatment will work. Factors that are considered less favorable and lead to a poorer prognosis include: Being male. Age 45 and older. Low hemoglobin red blood cell count , defined as less than White blood cell count that is more than 15, per cubic millimeter mm 3.
Stage IV disease. Other prognostic factors that are considered, especially for early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma, include: A higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or ESR see "Laboratory tests" in Diagnosis , is associated with a poorer prognosis.
Having a high number of involved lymph node sites is associated with a poorer prognosis. Types of Cancer. Lymphoma - Hodgkin Guide. Net Guide Lymphoma - Hodgkin. Medical Illustrations. Lymphoma most often spreads to the liver, bone marrow , or lungs. People of any age can develop lymphoma, but it is among the most common causes of cancer in children and young adults aged 15—24 years. It is often treatable. In this article, we look at the symptoms of lymphoma, how to treat it, and the risk factors for the different types.
There are two main types of lymphoma: Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Within these, there are many subtypes.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is the most common type, typically develops from B and T lymphocytes cells in the lymph nodes or tissues throughout the body. Tumor growth in non-Hodgkin lymphoma may not affect every lymph node, often skipping some and growing on others. Hodgkin lymphoma is a cancer of the immune system, and doctors can identify it by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, which are abnormally large B lymphocytes.
In people with Hodgkin lymphoma, the cancer usually moves from one lymph node to an adjacent one. The NCI estimate that Hodgkin lymphoma accounts for 0. The symptoms of lymphoma are similar to those of some viral diseases, such as the common cold. However, they typically continue for a more extended period. Some people will not experience any symptoms. Others may notice a swelling of the lymph nodes.
There are lymph nodes all around the body. Swelling often occurs in the neck, groin, abdomen, or armpits. The swellings are often painless. They may become painful if the enlarged glands press on organs, bones, and other structures. Some people confuse lymphoma with back pain. Because lymphatic tissue is present in many parts of the body, Hodgkin lymphoma can start almost anywhere.
Hodgkin lymphoma may occur in a single lymph node , a group of lymph nodes, or, sometimes, in other parts of the lymphatic system such as the bone marrow and spleen. This type of cancer tends to spread in a fairly orderly way from one group of lymph nodes to the next group.
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